„Fram“ – the Norvegian polar ship

"Fram" (Norwegian - "forward") is a Norwegian steam-sailing schooner, built specifically for polar expeditions, capable of long drifts on ice fields. The designer is Colin Archer, the initiator and author of the project is Fritjof Nansen, the construction was managed and supervised by Otto Sverdrup. From the beginning of construction, the ship belonged to the Norwegian state. "Fram" carried out three expeditions to the South and North Poles in 1893-1919: 1. Norwegian Polar Expedition (1893-1896), led by Fritjof Nansen, 2. Norwegian Arctic Expedition (1898-1902), led by Oto Sverdrup and 3. Norwegian Antarctic expedition (1910-1912), led by Rual Amundsen. During these expeditions the schooner reached 85° 57' N. PL. and 78° 41' p. pl., for 1041 days drifted in packs in the ice fields in the Central Arctic from Kotielny Island to Spitsbergen, circumnavigating the globe two and a half times, covering more, than 54,000 nautical miles (about 100,000 km). "Fram" was gradually rebuilt and improved, according to the needs of expeditions: in 1897, a spar deck was installed and the height of the freeboard was increased, in 1909 the steam engine was replaced by a diesel engine. After an unsuccessful attempt to pass through the Panama Canal in 1914, it returned to Norway and was placed "at anchor" for a long time, and in 1917 it was fully equipped for the expedition, prepared by Amundsen with the schooner "Mod". In 1929 the reconstruction of the ship began under the leadership of Sverdrup - all this was his own initiative. On May 20, 1936, the "Fram" museum was opened, where the schooner is exhibited under a glass hood in the form of a tent.

A complex model of a sail-motor expedition ship for intermediate and advanced modelers.